Ingaruka zishobora guterwa no gucukura peteroli na gaze ziragoye, aho zikomeye cyane ni ukutamenya neza umuvuduko wo hasi.Nk’uko Ishyirahamwe Mpuzamahanga ry’Abashoramari Bacukura,Gucunga Imyuka Yingutu (MPD)ni uburyo bwo guhuza imiyoboro yo guhuza n'imikorere ikoreshwa mu kugenzura neza umuvuduko wa buri mwaka mu iriba ryose.Mu myaka mirongo itanu ishize, tekinoroji nuburyo bwinshi byatejwe imbere kandi binonosorwa kugirango bigabanye kandi tuneshe imbogamizi zizanwa nigitutu kidashidikanywaho.Kuva hashyirwaho igikoresho cya mbere cyo kuzunguruka (RCD) ku isi hose mu 1968, Weatherford yabaye intangarugero mu nganda.
Nkumuyobozi mu nganda MPD, Weatherford yashyizeho udushya twifashishije ibisubizo bitandukanye n’ikoranabuhanga mu rwego rwo kwagura no gukoresha uburyo bwo kugenzura igitutu.Ariko, kugenzura igitutu ntabwo ari ukugenzura umuvuduko wumwaka.Igomba kuzirikana ibintu bitabarika byimikorere yibikorwa kwisi yose, imiterere igoye, hamwe nibibazo ahantu hatandukanye.Hamwe nubunararibonye bwimyaka myinshi, impuguke mu bya tekinike yikigo zimenya ko inzira nziza yo kugenzura umuvuduko ukwiye guhuzwa kugirango ikemure ibibazo bitandukanye aho kuba sisitemu imwe-imwe kuri porogaramu iyo ari yo yose.Iyobowe niri hame, tekinoroji ya MPD yinzego zinyuranye yatejwe imbere kugirango ihuze ibyifuzo bitandukanye byamasosiyete ikora, hatitawe ku kuntu imiterere yabo cyangwa ibidukikije bishobora kuba ingorabahizi.
01. Gukora Sisitemu Ifunze-Ifunguye Ukoresheje RCD
RCD itanga ibyiringiro byumutekano no gutandukana, ikora nkikoranabuhanga ryinjira murwego rwa MPD.Ubusanzwe byakozwe mu myaka ya za 1960 kubikorwa byo ku nkombe, RCDs zagenewe kuyobya imigezi hejuruBOPgukora sisitemu ifunze-izenguruka sisitemu.Isosiyete yakomeje guhanga udushya no guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga rya RCD, igera ku ntsinzi yagaragaye mu myaka myinshi ishize.
Nka porogaramu ya MPD yaguka mubice byinshi bigoye (nkibidukikije bishya nibibazo), ibisabwa byinshi bishyirwa kuri sisitemu ya MPD.Ibi byatumye iterambere rihoraho mu ikoranabuhanga rya RCD, ubu rikaba rigaragaza umuvuduko ukabije n’ubushyuhe, ndetse bikanabona impamyabumenyi yo gukoresha mu kirere cyiza cyavuye mu kigo cya peteroli cya Amerika.Kurugero, polyurethane ya Weatherford ifite ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwo gufunga ubushyuhe bufite 60% hejuru yubushyuhe ugereranije nibice bya polyurethane bihari.
Hamwe no gukura kwinganda zingufu no guteza imbere amasoko yo hanze, Weatherford yashyizeho ubwoko bushya bwa RCDs kugirango ikemure ibibazo bidasanzwe by’ibidukikije n’amazi maremare.RCDs ikoreshwa kumurongo wo gucukura amazi maremare ashyirwa hejuru yubuso bwa BOP, mugihe kumato yo gucukura ahagaritse imbaraga, RCDs zisanzwe zishyirwa munsi yimpeta yumurongo nkigice cyo guterana.Hatitawe ku gusaba cyangwa ibidukikije, RCD ikomeje kuba ikoranabuhanga rikomeye, ikomeza guhorana ingufu za buri mwaka mugihe cyo gucukura, gukora inzitizi zidashobora guhangana n’umuvuduko, gukumira ingaruka ziterwa no gucukura, no kugenzura ibitero by’amazi.
02. Ongeraho Choke Valves kugirango Igenzure neza
Mugihe RCDs ishobora kuyobya amazi yatashye, ubushobozi bwo kugenzura neza umwirondoro wumuvuduko wurwo rugomero bigerwaho nibikoresho byo hasi, cyane cyane imitsi ya choke.Guhuza ibi bikoresho na RCDs bituma ikoranabuhanga rya MPD, ritanga igenzura rikomeye ryumuvuduko wamazi.Weatherford's PressurePro Yayoboye igisubizo cyumuvuduko, iyo ikoreshejwe ifatanije na RCDs, yongerera ubushobozi bwo gucukura mugihe wirinze impanuka ziterwa nigitutu.
Sisitemu ikoresha Imigaragarire imwe ya muntu-Imashini (HMI) kugirango igenzure imitsi ya choke.HMI yerekanwa kuri mudasobwa igendanwa mu kabari ka driller cyangwa hasi, bigatuma abakozi bo mu murima bagenzura hafi ya valve ya choke mugihe bakurikirana ibipimo byingenzi byo gucukura.Abakoresha binjiza agaciro kifuzwa, hanyuma sisitemu ya PressurePro ihita ikomeza uwo muvuduko mugenzura SBP.Indangantege ya choke irashobora guhita ihindurwa hashingiwe kumihindagurikire yumuvuduko wo hasi, bigatuma sisitemu ikosorwa byihuse kandi yizewe.
03. Igisubizo cyikora kubibazo byagabanijwe byo gucukura
Victus Intelligent MPD Solution ihagaze nkimwe mubicuruzwa bikomeye bya MPD bya Weatherford kandi ni bumwe mu buhanga bwa MPD bugezweho ku isoko.Yubatswe kuri Weatherford ikuze ya RCD hamwe na tekinoroji ya choke, iki gisubizo kizamura neza, kugenzura, no gukoresha mudasobwa kurwego rutigeze rubaho.Muguhuza ibikoresho byo gucukura, bifasha itumanaho hagati yimashini, isesengura-nyaryo ryimiterere yimiterere myiza, hamwe nigisubizo cyihuse cyaturutse ahantu hamwe, bityo bikagumana neza umuvuduko wibanze.
Imbere yibikoresho, igisubizo cya Victus cyongerera ubushobozi bwo gupima umuvuduko nubucucike bwinjizamo metero nini ya Coriolis hamwe na manifold hamwe na bine byigenga byigenga.Moderi igezweho ya hydraulic yerekana ubushyuhe nubushyuhe, kugabanuka kwamazi, hamwe ningaruka zo gukata neza kugirango umenye neza umuvuduko wigihe cyo hasi.Ubwenge bwa artificiel (AI) bugenzura algorithms zerekana neza ibintu bidasanzwe, kumenyesha driller na MPD, no guhita wohereza amabwiriza yo guhindura ibikoresho bya MPD.Ibi bituma habaho igihe nyacyo cyo kumenya neza / igihombo cyiza kandi igahindura ibikwiye kubikoresho bishingiye kuri moderi ya hydraulic no kugenzura ubwenge, byose bidakenewe ko hajyaho intoki kubakoresha.Sisitemu, ishingiye kuri porogaramu zishobora gukoreshwa (PLCs), irashobora guhuza byoroshye ahantu hose kurubuga rwo gucukura kugirango itange ibikorwa remezo bya MPD byizewe, bifite umutekano.
Imigaragarire yoroshye yukoresha ifasha abakoresha kuguma kwibanda kubintu byingenzi no gutanga integuza kubintu bitunguranye.Igenzura rishingiye ku miterere rikurikirana imikorere y'ibikoresho bya MPD, bigafasha kubungabunga ibikorwa.Raporo yizewe yikora, nkincamake ya buri munsi cyangwa isesengura ryakazi nyuma yakazi, irusheho kunoza imikorere yo gucukura.Mubikorwa byamazi maremare, kugenzura kure ukoresheje interineti imwe yumukoresha byorohereza kwishyiriraho riser, guhagarika burundu igikoresho cya Annular Isolation Device (AID), gufunga RCD no gufungura, no kugenzura inzira.Kuva mubishushanyo mbonera nibikorwa nyabyo kugeza nyuma yincamake yakazi, amakuru yose arahoraho.Imicungire yigihe-nyacyo cyo kureba no gusuzuma ubwubatsi / igenamigambi rikorwa binyuze muri CENTRO Iriba ryubaka Optimisation.
Iterambere rigezweho ririmo gukoresha metero yumuvuduko mwinshi (ushyizwe kuri riser) kugirango usimbuze ibyuma byoroheje bya pompe kugirango bipime neza.Hamwe nubu buhanga bushya, imiterere ya rheologiya nibiranga ibintu byinshi byamazi yinjira mumuzinga ufunze-gufunga bishobora kugereranywa no gupima amazi yatashye.Ugereranije nuburyo gakondo bwo gupima ibyondo hamwe nuburyo bwo hasi cyane bwo kuvugurura, iyi sisitemu itanga urugero rwiza rwa hydraulic hamwe namakuru nyayo.
04. Gutanga Byoroheje, Kugenzura Umuvuduko Ukwiye no Kubona Data
Tekinoroji ya PressurePro na Victus ni ibisubizo byateguwe kugirango byinjire-urwego kandi bigezweho byo kugenzura porogaramu.Weatherford yamenye ko hari porogaramu zibereye ibisubizo biri hagati yizi nzego zombi.Isosiyete Modus MPD iheruka gukemura yuzuza iki cyuho.Yateguwe kubikorwa bitandukanye nkubushyuhe bwo hejuru cyangwa ubushyuhe buke bwibidukikije, ku nkombe, n’amazi maremare, intego ya sisitemu iroroshye: kwibanda ku nyungu z’imikorere y’ikoranabuhanga rishinzwe kugenzura umuvuduko, bigatuma ibigo bikora bikora neza kandi bikagabanya umuvuduko ukabije. ibibazo.
Igisubizo cya Modus kirimo igishushanyo mbonera cyo kwishyiriraho byoroshye kandi neza.Ibikoresho bitatu bibitswe mu kintu kimwe cyo kohereza, bisaba kuzamura kimwe gusa mugihe cyo gupakurura.Niba bikenewe, module yihariye irashobora gukurwa mubintu byoherejwe kugirango bishyirwe hafi yurubuga.
Choke manifold ni module imwe yigenga, ariko niba bikenewe kuyishyira mubikorwa remezo bihari, sisitemu irashobora gushyirwaho kugirango ihuze ibisabwa byihariye bya buri cyuma cyo gucukura.Bifite ibikoresho bibiri bya digitale igenzura choke, sisitemu yemerera gukoresha byoroshye gukoresha valve yo kwigunga cyangwa gukoreshwa hamwe kubiciro biri hejuru.Kugenzura neza ibyo byuma bya choke bizamura umuvuduko wa wellbore hamwe nuburinganire buringaniye bwo kuzenguruka (ECD), bigafasha gucukura neza hamwe nubucucike bwibyondo.Multifold kandi ihuza sisitemu yo gukabya gukabya no kuvoma.
Igikoresho cyo gupima ibintu ni ikindi cyiciro.Ukoresheje metero zitemba za Coriolis, ipima igipimo cyo kugaruka hamwe nibintu byamazi, bizwi nkinganda-nganda kugirango ibe yuzuye.Hamwe namakuru aringaniza aringaniza, abakoresha barashobora guhita bamenya impinduka zumuvuduko zigaragara muburyo bwo gutemba bidasanzwe.Igihe nyacyo cyo kugaragara neza neza cyorohereza ibisubizo byihuse no guhinduka, gukemura ibibazo byingutu mbere yuko bigira ingaruka kubikorwa.
Sisitemu yo kugenzura sisitemu yashyizwe muri module ya gatatu kandi ishinzwe gucunga amakuru n'imikorere y'ibikoresho byo gupima no kugenzura.Iyi porogaramu ya digitale ikora binyuze muri HMI ya mudasobwa igendanwa, ituma abashoramari bareba imiterere yo gupima hamwe niterambere ryamateka no kugenzura igitutu binyuze muri software.Imbonerahamwe yerekanwe kuri ecran itanga ibihe-nyabyo byerekana ibihe byo hasi, bigafasha gufata ibyemezo byiza nibisubizo byihuse bishingiye kumibare.Iyo ikora muburyo bwumuvuduko wibanze, sisitemu irashobora gukoresha umuvuduko mugihe cyo guhuza.Hamwe na bouton yoroshye kanda, sisitemu ihita ihindura imitsi ya choke kugirango ikoreshe igitutu gikenewe kuriba, ikomeza guhora kumanuka kumanuka nta gutemba.Amakuru afatika arakusanywa, abikwa nyuma yisesengura ryakazi, kandi anyuzwa mumasoko meza yo kohereza amakuru (WITS) kugirango abone kurubuga rwa CENTRO.
Muguhita ugenzura igitutu, igisubizo cya Modus kirashobora guhita gisubiza impinduka zumuvuduko ukabije, kurinda abakozi, amariba, ibidukikije, nundi mutungo.Nkigice cya sisitemu yubusugire bwa Wellbore, igisubizo cya Modus kigenzura uburinganire buringaniye (ECD), butanga uburyo bwizewe bwo kongera umutekano wibikorwa no kurinda ubusugire bwimiterere, bityo ukagera kubucukuzi bwumutekano mumadirishya yumutekano mucye hamwe nibihinduka byinshi kandi bitazwi.
Weatherford yishingikirije ku myaka irenga 50 y'uburambe, ibikorwa ibihumbi, n'amasaha ya miriyoni yo gukora kugirango tuvuge muri make uburyo bwizewe, bikurura sosiyete ikora ikorera muri Ohio kugirango ikoreshe igisubizo cya Modus.Mu gace ka Utica Shale, isosiyete ikora yari ikeneye gucukura iriba rya santimetero 8.5 kugeza ubujyakuzimu kugira ngo ryuzuze intego zikoreshwa.
Ugereranije nigihe giteganijwe cyo gucukura, igisubizo cya Modus cyagabanije igihe cyo gucukura 60%, cyuzuza igice cyose cyiriba murugendo rumwe.Urufunguzo rwiyi ntsinzi kwari ugukoresha tekinoroji ya MPD kugirango igumane ubwinshi bwibyondo mubice byateganijwe gutambuka, kugabanya igihombo cyizenguruka cyumuvuduko.Icyari kigamijwe kwari ukwirinda ibyangirika bishobora guterwa n’ibyondo byinshi cyane mu miterere ifite imyirondoro idashidikanywaho.
Mugihe cyibanze cyibishushanyo mbonera byubwubatsi, impuguke mu bya tekinike ya Weatherford zafatanije n’isosiyete ikora kugira ngo basobanure aho iriba ritambitse kandi bashireho intego zo gucukura.Iri tsinda ryagaragaje ibisabwa kandi rishyiraho gahunda yo gutanga serivisi nziza itajyanye gusa no gushyira mu bikorwa imishinga n’ibikoresho gusa ahubwo yanagabanije ibiciro muri rusange.Abashakashatsi ba Weatherford basabye igisubizo cya Modus nkicyiza cyiza kubisosiyete ikora.
Nyuma yo kurangiza igishushanyo mbonera, abakozi bo mu murima wa Weatherford bakoze ubushakashatsi ku mbuga muri Ohio, bituma itsinda ryaho ritegura aho bakorera ndetse n’ahantu hateranira no kumenya no gukuraho ingaruka zishobora kubaho.Hagati aho, impuguke zo muri Texas zagerageje ibikoresho mbere yo koherezwa.Aya matsinda yombi yakomeje itumanaho rihoraho hamwe nisosiyete ikora kugirango ihuze itangwa ryibikoresho ku gihe.Nyuma yuko ibikoresho bya Modus MPD bigeze ahacukurwa, hashyizweho uburyo bunoze bwo gutangiza no gutangiza, kandi itsinda rya Weatherford ryahise rihindura imikorere ya MPD kugira ngo rihuze impinduka zakozwe mu isosiyete ikora.
05. Kurubuga Gusaba gutsinda
Ariko, nyuma gato yuko iriba rimaze kugwa, ibimenyetso byo kuziba byagaragaye ku iriba.Nyuma yo kuganira n’isosiyete ikora, itsinda rya MPD rya Weatherford ryatanze gahunda iheruka yo gukemura iki kibazo.Igisubizo cyatoranijwe kwari ukongera umuvuduko mugihe uzamura buhoro buhoro ibyondo 0.5ppg (0.06 SG).Ibi byatumye uruganda rwo gucukura rukomeza gucukura udategereje ko hahindurwa ibyondo kandi nta kongera ubwinshi bwibyondo.Hamwe noguhindura, inteko imwe yo gucukura hasi yakoreshejwe kugirango itobore kugera kuburebure bwikigereranyo cyigice cya horizontal murugendo rumwe.
Muri icyo gikorwa cyose, igisubizo cya Modus cyakurikiranaga byimazeyo urujya n'uruza rw'ibihombo, bituma sosiyete ikora ikoresha amazi yo gucukura ifite ubucucike buke no kugabanya ikoreshwa rya barite.Nukuzuza ibyondo bito cyane mu iriba, tekinoroji ya Modus MPD yakoresheje imbaraga zo gusubira inyuma ku iriba kugirango byoroshye gukemura ibibazo bikomeza guhinduka.Uburyo gakondo busanzwe bifata amasaha cyangwa umunsi kugirango wongere cyangwa ugabanye ubwinshi bwibyondo.
Mugukoresha tekinoroji ya Modus, isosiyete ikora yatoboye ubujyakuzimu mbere yiminsi icyenda mbere yiminsi yo gushushanya (iminsi 15).Byongeye kandi, mu kugabanya ubwinshi bwibyondo kuri 1.0 ppg (0.12 SG) no guhindura igitutu kugirango habeho kuringaniza imivurungano no gushinga imizi, isosiyete ikora yagabanije ibiciro muri rusange.Hamwe niki gisubizo cya Weatherford, igice cya horizontal gifite metero 18.000 (metero 5486) cyacukuwe murugendo rumwe, cyongera igipimo cya Mechanical of Penetration (ROP) ku gipimo cya 18% ugereranije n’iriba risanzwe riri hafi.
06.Kureba ahazaza h'ikoranabuhanga rya MPD
Imanza zavuzwe haruguru, aho agaciro kakozwe binyuze mukuzamura imikorere, nurugero rumwe gusa mugukoresha mugari wa Weatherford's Modus solution.Kugeza 2024, icyiciro cya sisitemu kizoherezwa kwisi yose kugirango barusheho kwagura ikoreshwa ryikoranabuhanga ryo kugenzura umuvuduko, bizemerera andi masosiyete akora kugirango yumve kandi agere ku gaciro kigihe kirekire hamwe n’ibibazo bitoroshye kandi byubatswe neza.
Mu myaka myinshi, inganda zingufu zakoresheje gusa tekinoroji yo kugenzura umuvuduko mugihe cyo gucukura.Weatherford ifite imyumvire itandukanye ku kugenzura igitutu.Nibisubizo byongera imikorere ikoreshwa kuri byinshi, niba atari byose, ibyiciro byamavuta ya peteroli, harimo amariba atambitse, amariba yerekeza, amariba yiterambere, amariba menshi, nibindi byinshi.Mugusobanura intego igenzura ryumuvuduko mwiriba rishobora kugeraho, harimo sima, sima, gukora, nibindi bikorwa, byose byungukira kumugezi uhamye, wirinda gusenyuka kwangirika no kwangirika mugihe byongera imikorere.
Kurugero, kugenzura igitutu mugihe cya sima ituma ibigo bikora bikora cyane mugukemura ibibazo byimanuka nko kwinjira no gutakaza, bityo bigateza imbere akato.Isima igenzurwa nigitutu ikora neza cyane mumariba afite idirishya rifunguye, imiterere idakomeye, cyangwa marike ntoya.Gukoresha ibikoresho byo kugenzura igitutu hamwe nikoranabuhanga mugihe cyo kurangiza bituma habaho kugenzura byoroshye mugihe cyo gushyiraho ibikoresho byo kurangiza, kunoza imikorere no kugabanya ingaruka.
Igenzura ryiza muri windows ikora neza kandi ikoreshwa kumariba yose nibikorwa.Hamwe nogukomeza kugaragara kwa Modus ibisubizo hamwe na sisitemu yo kugenzura umuvuduko ukoreshwa mubikorwa bitandukanye, kugenzura umuvuduko mumariba menshi ya peteroli birashoboka.Ibisubizo bya Weatherford birashobora gutanga igitutu cyuzuye, kugabanya impanuka, kuzamura ireme ryiza, kongera umutekano wibyiza, no kongera umusaruro.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-20-2024